User:DrukeTheFluke/Conlang2

Nyclonese is a constructed language (conglang) based upon English and Finnish. With significant influences of Esperanto and Sanskrit. Grammar was initially completed on 2nd February 2013. Then Language was expanded further. It shows a significant Indo-European influence while being a Uralic language. Devanagari Alphabet is used to write it.

Alphabets

Letter	IPA	Letter	IPA
a	[a]	aa	[æ]
i	[i]	ii	[i:]
u	[u]	ü	[y]
e	[e]	ä	[ä]
o/å	[o:]	ö	[ö]

Letter	IPA	Letter	IPA	Letter	IPA	Letter	IPA	Letter	IPA
k	[k]	kh	[kʰ]	g	[g]	gh	[gʱ]	ŋ	[ŋ]
ḩ	[c]	q	[q]	ǵ	[ɟ]	ǵh	[ɟʱ]	ñ	[ɲ]
t	[t]	th	[tʰ]	d	[d]	dh	[dʱ]	n	[n]
p	[p]	ph	[pʰ]	b	[b]	bh	[bʱ]	m	[m]
j	[j]	r	[r]	l	[l]	w	[ʋ]	f	[f]
sj	[ɕ]	sz	[ʂ]	s	[s]	z	[z]	h	[ɦ]

Some Properties

• Nyclonese uses Adjectives and Adjeverbs.
• Substantives have 3 genders, but you can allways speak Nyclonese without Genders. Feminine e-, Masculine o- & Inter i-.
• Nyclonese has also 2 other Gender for Objectives only, Abiotic y- (Unliving) and Biotic u- (Living).
• All words can be Verbs, Subjects and Objects etc...
• Basic forms of Subjects end with -o (o)
• Basic forms of Verbs end with -a
• Basic forms of Objects end with -e

History

Nyclonese language is a mixture of Finnish and English languages, with little piece of Esperanto in it also.

it is Indo-Uralic conglang, created by Nico Fors with help of Robert Garside and Harshvardhan Rawlot.  

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Personal Pronouns come after verbs usually with the Personal ending of the verb.

	ending
I/Me	Men
You (singular)	Yut
He/She	Hän
We	Wem
You (plural)	Yute
They (person)	Thei
They/Those (object)	Ne
It/That	Se

Relative Pronouns

	Singular	Plural
which	tia	titka
who	goia	gotka
that	tioa	tiotka
what	mikä	mitkä

Verbs

There are two important elements in the study of the Nyclonese verb:

1. function — the different types of information conveyed by specific forms of the verb
2. morphology — how the different forms of the verb are constructed

Function

The verbal forms may be illustrated with the root lov- (love): A verb can be made emphatic with the particle jå (en:indeed fi:kyllä): lovo men jå  (I do love), lova men jå (I did love)

lovmaan (to love)

lovt (loves, is loving)

lovi (was loving)

love (shall love, will love)

te lovö (love!; a command)

lov (was going yo love)

Morphology

Verbs have both personal ending, and personal pronoun. to be 

In Nyclonese you would say  "I laughed" like, "laufa men"

Men is Me and when you add -a to the end of the verb before you get the past form of the verb, in 1st person, and in singular.

(table in indicative)	ending, now	ending, future	ending, past	Out of Time
I/Me	-a	-aa	-ä	-ai
You (singular)	-e	-ee	-ae	-eo
He/She/It	-i	-ii	-ie	-iu
We	-o	-oo	-ö	-oy
You (plural)	-u	-uu	-ue	-ua
They	-y	-yy	-ye	-ye
Passive	-ri	-rii	-li	-lii

Example: Laugh=Laf

lafaa (l will laugh)

lafä (I laughed)

lafa (I laugh)

lafe (You laugh-singular)

lafee (You will laugh)

lafae (You laughed)

Lafi (She/He laughs)

Lafii (She/He will laugh)

Lafie (She/He laughed)

Lafo (We laugh)

Lafoo (We will laugh)

Lafö (We laughed)

Lafu (You laugh -plural)

Lafuu (You will laugh)

Lafue (You laughed)

Lafy (They laugh)

Lafyy (They will laugh)

Lafye (They laughed)

Passive

Lafri (laughing)

Lafrii (will laugh)

Lafli (laughed)

Commands 

You can form a command verb/clause by adding the word te- before the verb.

Imperatives

Imperatives can be either orders (if te- added before the word) or they can be conditionals (if -isin added after the word)

Nyclonese-Finnish

• go= mennä
• tego= mene! 

Questions

You can form a question by adding ko before the verb.

Negative Verb

Negative verbs are formed by adding the correct prefix from below.

In Nyclonese negative verb can show you the person, and time form (now, future, past)

The Out of Time form is working as Suffix, whileall the other forms work as Prefix.

Na=No	ending, now	ending, future	ending, past	Out of time
I/Me	naa-	nas-	nan-	-an
You (singular)	nae-	nes-	nen-	-en
He/She/It	nai-	nis-	nin-	-in
We	nao-	nos-	non-	-on
You (plural)	nau-	nus-	nun-	-un
They	nay-	nys-	nyn-	-yn
Passive	n-	ñ-	ng-	-m

Adjeverb

In Nyclonese Adjeverbs replace Adjectives, example, instead of sayind the wall is red, we would say the wall is redding.

And the wall is redding is "Is å valo redding.

Mood

The conditional mood is used for such expressions as If voiso men, vuda goisin men  (if I could, I would go) and If olloisin men yut, goisin men (if I were you, I'd go).

The Verbal paradigm

in s1st pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-dan	-nan	-aa	ba-	-aba
Present	-den	-nen
Future	-daman	-namaan

in s2nd pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-din	-nin	-ee	de-	-ede
Present	-don	-non
Future	-demen	-nemen

in s3rd pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-dun	-nun	-ii	fi-	-ifi
Present	-dyn	-nyn
Future	-dimin	-nimin

in p1st pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-dän	-nän	-oo	go-	-ogo
Present	-dön	-nön
Future	-domon	-nomon

in p2nd pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-daan	-naan	-uu	hu-	-uhu
Present	-diin	-niin
Future	-dumun	-numun

in p3rd pers.	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-drin	-rin	-yy	jy-	-yjy
Present	-driin	-riin
Future	-dymyn	-nymyn

Passive	Indicative	Potential	Infinitive	Imperative	Conditional
Past	-ab	-og	-ää	-ö	-k
Present	-ed	-uh
Future	-if	-yj

Conjugation

Conjugation of the verb to be = ii

Indicative, Potential, Imperative, Infinitive & Conditional

Indicative
preesens (current)
person	positive	negative
me/I	iiden	naa'iiden
you	iidon	nae'iidon
he/she	iidyn	nai'iidyn
we	iidön	nao'iidön
you	iidiin	nau'iidiin
they	iidriin	nay'iidriin
passive	ii'ed	nii'ed
Preterite (past)
person	positive	negative
me/I	iidan	naniidan
you	iidin	neniidin
he/she	iidun	niniidun
we	iidän	noniidän
you	iidaan	nuniidaan
they	iidrin	nyniidrin
passive	ii'ab	ngii'ab
Future
person	positive	negative
me/I	iidaman	nasiidaman
you	iidemen	nesiidemen
he/she	iidimin	nisiidimin
we	iidomon	nosiidomon
you	iidumun	nusiidumun
they	iidymyn	nysiidymyn
passive	ii'if	ñii'if

Potential
Preterite (past)				Presens			Future
person	Positive	Negative		person	Positive	Negative		Person	Positive	Negative
me/I	iinan	naniinan		me/I	iinen	naa'iinen		Me/I	iinaman	nasiinaman
you	iinin	neniinin		you	iinon	nae'iinon		You	iinemen	nesiinemen
he/she	iinun	niniinun		he/she	iinyn	nai'iinyn		He/She	iinimin	nisiinimin
we	iinän	noniinän		we	iinön	nao'iinön		We	iinomon	nosiinomon
you	iinaan	nuiinaan		you	iiniin	nau'iiniin		You	iinumun	nusiinumun
they	iirin	nyniirin		they	iiriin	nay'iiriin		They	iinymyn	nysiinymyn
Passive	ii'og	ngii'og		Passive	ii'uh	nii'uh		Passive	ii'yj	ñii'yj

Imperative
preterite			preesens			future
person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative
me/I	iiba	naniiba		me/I	iiba	naa'iiba		me/I	iiba	nasiiba
you	iide	neniide		you	iide	nae'iide		you	iide	nesiide
he/she	iifi	niniifi		he/she	iifi	nai'iifi		he/she	iifi	nisiifi
we	iigo	noniigo		we	iigo	nao'iigo		we	iigo	nosiigo
you	iihu	nuniihu		you	iihu	nau'iihu		you	iihu	nusiihu
they	iijy	nyniijy		they	iijy	nay'iijy		they	iijy	nysiijy
passive	ii'ö	ngii'ö		passive	ii'ö	nii'ö		passive	ii'ö	ñii'ö

Infinitive
preterite			preesens			future
person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative
me/I	ii'aa	nanii'a		me/I	ii'aa	naa'ii'a		me/I	ii'aa	nasii'a
you	ii'ee	nenii'e		you	ii'ee	nae'ii'e		you	ii'ee	nesii'e
he/she	ii'ii	ninii'i		he/she	ii'ii	nai'ii'i		he/she	ii'ii	nisii'i
we	ii'oo	nonii'o		we	ii'oo	nao'ii'o		we	ii'oo	nosii'o
you	ii'uu	nunii'u		you	ii'uu	nau'ii'u		you	ii'uu	nusii'u
they	ii'yy	nynii'y		they	ii'yy	nay'ii'y		they	ii'yy	nysii'y
passive	ii'ää	ngii'ää		passive	ii'ää	nii'ää		passive	ii'ää	ñii'ää

Conditional
preterite			preesens			future
person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative		person	positive	negative
me/I	ii'aba	nanii'aba		me/I	ii'aba	naa'ii'aba		me/I	ii'aba	nasii'aba
you	ii'ede	nenii'ede		you	ii'ede	nae'ii'ede		you	ii'ede	nesii'ede
he/she	ii'ifi	ninii'ifi		he/she	ii'ifi	nai'ii'ifi		he/she	ii'ifi	nisii'ifi
we	ii'ogo	nonii'ogo		we	ii'ogo	nao'ii'ogo		we	ii'ogo	nosii'ogo
you	ii'uhu	nunii'uhu		you	ii'uhu	nau'ii'uhu		you	ii'uhu	nusii'uhu
they	ii'yjy	nynii'yjy		they	ii'yjy	nay'ii'yjy		they	ii'yjy	nysii'yjy
passive	iik	ngiik		passive	iik	niik		passive	iik	ñiik

Nominale forms

infinitive				adjeverb
		active	passive	plural		active	passive	plural
I (va)		ii	ii'ava	iiva	presens (vä)	iivä	ii'ä	iiv
long I (xeen)		iixeen	ii'axeen	ii'ixeen	perfect (ut)	iiut	ii'u	iit
II (taessa)	inessive	iissa	iitaessa'a	ii'issa	agent (ma)	iima	ii'a	iim
	instruktive	iile	iitaessale	iinii'in	negative agent (maton)	iimaton	ii'o	iin
III (ma)	elative	iista	iimasta	ii'ista
	illative	ii'aan	iima'an	ii'iin
	adessive	iilla	iimala	ii'illa
	abessive	iitta	iimata	ii'itta
IV (tava)	nominative	iiur	iitavaur	iiurt
	partitive	ii'aa	iitava'a	ii'ita
V  (tu)	Infinitive	iimaisillaan	iitu	ii'alle

Nominative

Nominative is the name case of Substantives, Adjeverbs, Pronomines & Numerals.

In Nyclonese nominative is only used in to answer questions, Who? (person, singular), What?(object,singular), Who? (person, plural), What (object,plural), What kind of?(person, Adjeverb) & What kind of? (object, Adjeverb).

Ending for nominative is -u, plural ending is -urt.

Example: word clokc (κλωκω,root of the word is κλωκ)

κλωκωoρ= clock

κλωκωoρτ= clocks

Example: 

Διδι חᾱvor σε = He did it

Διδατ θηιחεoρτ σε = They did it

Example:

Ρηδιvγoρ μoρωoρ= Redding wall

Ρηδιvγoρ μoρωoρτ= Redding walls

Πωvιvγoρ חηvωoρ= Nice  person

Πωvιvγoρ חηvωoρτ= Nice persons

Genetive

Genetive explains whose some object or thing is.

Singular genetive ends to -ten & plural genetive ends to -den.

Example: word Apple (Μιλω)

• Μιλω - Μιλωτηv - Μιλωδηv = Apple - Apples (singular) - Apples (plural)

And in Finnish = Omena -Omenan- Omenoiden

Partitive

Partitive pictures unkown amount of something.

for singular you add the ending -aa and for plural -ita

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωαα =Apple (fi: Omenaa)

Μιλωιτα = Apples (fi: Omenoita)

Inessive

Inessive explains location in somewhere or inside something, and answers to the question where?

In Nyclonese language there is no word in, but its replaced by the ending of the word.

Singular Inessive ends to -ssa & Plural one ends to -issa

Example: in Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωσσα = in the Apple (fi:Omenassa)

Μιλωισσα = in the Apples (fi:Omenoissa)

Elative

Elative explains moving out from somewhere.

It is very common in Uralic languages.

Singular elative ends with -sta and plural with -ista

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωστα= from Apple (fi:Omenasta)

Μιλωιστα= from Apples (fi:Omenoista)

Illative

Illative explains moving in somewhere,

Singular ending of illative is -aan & plural -iin

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωααv = into Apple (fi:Omenaan)

Μιλωιιv = into Apples (fi:Omeniin)

Adessive

Adessive explains location on top of something, on some surface or close to something.

Singular adessive ends to -lla and plural one ends to -illa

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωλλα = on top of  Apple (fi:Omenaan)

Μιλωιλλα = on top of Apples (fi:Omeniin)

Ablative

Ablative explains movement away from some surface or away from something.

Singular ablative ends to -lta and plural to -ilta

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωλτα = away from  Apple (fi:Omenalta)

Μιλωιλτα = away from Apples (fi:Omenoilta)

Allative

Allative explains movement in top of something or close to something.

Singular allative ends to -lle and plural to -ille

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωλλε = to the  Apple (fi:Omenalle)

Μιλωιλλε = to the Apples (fi:Omenille)

Essive

Essive explains being something.

Singular essive ends to -na and plural to -ina

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωvα = as  Apple (fi:Omenana)

Μιλωvιvα = as Apples (fi:Omenina)

Exessive

Exessive explains changing of something, ending being something.

singular exessive ends to -nt and plural to -nta

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωvτ = ends being as  Apple (fi:lopettaa olemisen Omenana)

Μιλωvτα = ends being  as Apples (fi:lopettaa olemisen Omenina)

Translative

Trasnlative explains becoming/transformation to something.

Singular translative ends to -ksi and plural to -iksi

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωξι = transformes to  Apple (fi:Omenaksi)

Μιλωιξι = transformes to Apples (fi:Omeniksi)

Abessive

Abessive explains missing of something.

Singular abessive ends to -tta & plural to -itta.

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωττα = without Apple (fi:Omenatta)

Μιλωιττα = without Apples (fi:Omenitta)

Instruktive

Expresses way, how the action is formed.

singular instruktive ends to -le & plural to -nin

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωλε = with Apple 

Μιλωvιv = with Apples (fi:Omenin)

Komitative

Explains with what?

Singular komitative ends to -ne & plural with ine

Example: Apple (Μιλω)

Μιλωvε = with Apple (fi:Omene) 

Μιλωιvε = with Apples (fi:Omenine)

Adverbs

Adverbs representing time & place end to -ä, Adverbs representing manner end to -sti & Adverbs representing amount end either to -on or to -an.

Most common Adverbs are:

• representing time – eilä (yesterday), todä (today), avriä (tomorrow), semperä (allways), iamä (joskus), harvä (rarely), idiä (en:allready/fi:jo), yhä (still)
• representing place  – upä (up), avaä (down), udä (out), aviä (from outside), udnä (outside).
• representing manner – various -sti-ending words: kitosti (nopeasti, quick), akasti (kamalasti, awfully), zorgesti (varovasti, carefully).
• representing amount – leton (big amount), letan(little amount) (allways -on after big/huge amount, and -an after small/minimal amount.)

Conjuctions.

-que

When you want to say and in Nyclon you just add -que, in the end of second word.  

Example: You and Me = Yut menque

Prefixes

Prefixes

• abi - back to somewhere
• adi - far from something
• afi - to Somewhere
• agi - Therefore
• aghi - Moreover
• ahi - Close to Something
• aji - down
• adzi - up
• aki - little
• akhi - alot
• ali - apart
• ami - together
• ani - ago (tunti sitten)
• angi - tommorrow
• anji - mitä
• api -  Again
• aphi - jo
• aqi
• ari
• asi
• aszi
• atchi
• ati - over/Seriously/really
• avi
• axi
• azi
• adgi

Comparative

The formation of the comparative is, in principle, easy as it entails adding -impi to the inflecting stem (i.e., the genitive stem) of a noun, pronoun or verb.

Example Translated into Nyclonese

Röd|ing	Röd|impi	Röde|in
Olding	Oldimpi	Oldin
Tiring	Tirimpi	Tirin
Avaing	Avaimpi	Avain
Savaing	Savaimpi	Savain

Table of inflected comparative forms

(word crazy=kras)	Singular	Plural
Nominative	krasimpi	krasimat
Genitive	krasiman	krasimpien
Partitive	krasimpaa	krasimpia
Accusative	krasimani	krasimanit
Inessive	krasimassa	krasimissa
Elative	krasimasta	krasimista
Illative	krasimpaan	krasimpiin
Adessive	krasimala	krasimila
Ablative	krasimalt	krasimilt
Allative	krasimale	krasimile
Abessive	krasimatta	krasimittä
Essive	krasimpana	krasimpina
Translative	krasixi	krasimaxi

Comitative	krasimpine
Instructive	krasimmin